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There are 15,687 km of electrified railways in France. For historical reason there are two norms of electrification that cohabit in France: 1,500 V DC and 25 kV 50 Hz AC. The electrification of the French railway network was made in four phases. First, at the start of the 20th century, was a phase of testing and technological exploration. Third rails and overhead lines were on trial in some lines in France; different tensions where tried. Afterwards, in the 1920s, the main lines starting from Paris and lines in the Pyrenees were electrified with 1,500 V DC. After World War II and with the improvements in power electronics, tests were made with 20 kV AC and after that with 25 kV AC in the Alps and were satisfactory. Then the North and the East of France were electrified with 25 kV AC, and some lines were electrified with 1,500 V DC in the South to complete the network of electrified lines. From the 1970s to now, the electrification of the French network has been completed mainly with 25 kV to bring electrically powered TGVs to some cities and to complete the network of electrified lines. The two norms of electrification were a huge problem for the SNCF up to the 1970s, because there was not much equipment able to run under both norms. Today, all electrical equipment ordered by the SNCF can use both 25 kV AC and 1,500 V DC. == References == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Railway electrification in France」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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